A rare myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by a clonal proliferation of eosinophilic precursors resulting in persistently increased numbers of eosinophils in the blood, marrow and peripheral tissues. Since acute eosinophilic leukemia is at best exceedingly rare, the term eosinophilic leukemia is normally used as a synonym for chronic eosinophilic leukemia. In cases in which it is impossible to prove clonality and there is no increase in blast cells, the diagnosis of "idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome" is preferred. (WHO, 2001)
Symptoms of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
The following features are indicative of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome:
atopic eczema
hepatosplenomegaly
skin lesions
difficulty breathing
abdominal pain
diarrhea
arthritis
speech impairment
visual disturbances
anemia
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Common Causes of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
The following are the most common causes of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome:
myeloproliferative neoplasms
increased production of interleukin-5
genetic mutations in unknown gene
Other Causes of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
The following are the less common causes of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome:
stress-induced suppression of adrenal gland function
chronic myelogenous leukemia
Risk Factors for Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
The following factors may increase the likelihood of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome:
males
age between 20-50 yrs
autoimmune disease
atopy
hypoadrenalism
tropical eosinophilia
cancer
Prevention of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
Yes, it may be possible to prevent Hypereosinophilic Syndrome.
Occurrence of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
Number of Cases
The following are the number of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome cases seen each year worldwide:
Rare between 10K - 50K cases
Common Age Group
Hypereosinophilic Syndrome most commonly occurs in the following age group:
Aged between 20-50 years
Common Gender
Hypereosinophilic Syndrome can occur in any gender.
Lab Tests and Procedures for Diagnosis of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
The following lab tests and procedures are used to detect Hypereosinophilic Syndrome:
Blood testing: To detect autoimmune conditions
Allergy testing: To detect environmental or food allergies
Stool testing: Helps in detection of parasitic infections
Imaging testing: Helps in evaluation of condition of heart, abdomen and lungs
Doctor for Diagnosis of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
Patients should visit the following specialists if they have symptoms of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome:
Hematologist
Complications of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome if untreated
Yes, Hypereosinophilic Syndrome causes complications if it is not treated. Below is the list of complications and problems that may arise if Hypereosinophilic Syndrome is left untreated:
endomyocardial fibrosis
Procedures for Treatment of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
The following procedures are used to treat Hypereosinophilic Syndrome:
Splenectomy: Reduce the pain due to spleen enlargement
Alternative Medicine for Treatment of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
The following alternate medicine and therapies are known to help in the treatment or management of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome:
Nutritional Supplements: To cope up with increase in eosinophil counts
Patient Support for Treatment of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
The following actions may help Hypereosinophilic Syndrome patients:
Support and advocacy groups: Helps to connect with other patients and families and provide valuable services regarding symptoms of Hypereosinophilic syndrome
Time for Treatment of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
While time-period of treatment for each patient may vary, below is the typical time-period for Hypereosinophilic Syndrome to resolve if treated properly under an expert supervision:
