The following features are indicative of Hyperprolactinemia:
decrease in menstruation
amenorrhoea
loss of libido
breast pain
vaginal dryness
sexual dysfunctioning
gynecomastia in males
erectile dysfunctioning
It is possible that Hyperprolactinemia shows no physical symptoms and still is present in a patient.
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Common Causes of Hyperprolactinemia
The following are the most common causes of Hyperprolactinemia:
compression of the pituitary stalk
reduced dopamine levels
excess production from a prolactinoma
Risk Factors for Hyperprolactinemia
The following factors may increase the likelihood of Hyperprolactinemia:
pregnancy
lactation
chest wall stimulation
stress
hypothalamic-pituitary stalk damage
prolactinoma
acromegaly
Laron syndrome
chronic renal failure
hypothyroidism
cirrhosis
pseudocyesis
epileptic seizures
Prevention of Hyperprolactinemia
Yes, it may be possible to prevent Hyperprolactinemia. Prevention may be possible by doing the following:
pregnant women should be carefully evaluated for every two months
Occurrence of Hyperprolactinemia
Number of Cases
The following are the number of Hyperprolactinemia cases seen each year worldwide:
Very common > 10 Million cases
Common Age Group
Hyperprolactinemia most commonly occurs in the following age group:
Aged between 20-35 years
Common Gender
Hyperprolactinemia can occur in any gender.
Lab Tests and Procedures for Diagnosis of Hyperprolactinemia
The following lab tests and procedures are used to detect Hyperprolactinemia:
Blood Test: Fasting prolactin levels of above 20 ng/ml in men and above 25 ng/ml in women confirms hyperprolactinemia
X-ray: Radiography of the bones surrounding the pituitary reveal the presence of a large macro-adenoma
MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging): To detect pituitary tumours and determining their size
Complications of Hyperprolactinemia if untreated
Yes, Hyperprolactinemia causes complications if it is not treated. Below is the list of complications and problems that may arise if Hyperprolactinemia is left untreated:
galactorrhoea
impairment in reproductive functioning
osteoporosis
erectile dysfunctioning
infertility
gynaecomastia
Procedures for Treatment of Hyperprolactinemia
The following procedures are used to treat Hyperprolactinemia:
Surgery: To remove tumours associated with prolactin excess
Time for Treatment of Hyperprolactinemia
While time-period of treatment for each patient may vary, below is the typical time-period for Hyperprolactinemia to resolve if treated properly under an expert supervision:
Disease cannot be treated but only maintained or effects reduced