The presence of a calculus in the pelvis of the kidney; this is most often composed of mineral salts and proteins
Symptoms of Nephrolithiasis
The following features are indicative of Nephrolithiasis:
severe pain in the side and back
pain that radiates to the lower abdomen and groin
pain on urination
pink, red or brown urine
cloudy or foul-smelling urine
nausea
vomiting
persistent need to urinate
urinating more often than usual
fever
chilly sensation
It is possible that Nephrolithiasis shows no physical symptoms and still is present in a patient.
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Common Causes of Nephrolithiasis
The following are the most common causes of Nephrolithiasis:
calcium deposits in urine
oxalate deposits in urine
uric acid in the urine
Risk Factors for Nephrolithiasis
The following factors may increase the likelihood of Nephrolithiasis:
family history
dehydration
more prominent in people consuming high enriched sodium diet
obesity
digestive diseases
Prevention of Nephrolithiasis
Yes, it may be possible to prevent Nephrolithiasis. Prevention may be possible by doing the following:
drink water throughout the day
eat fewer oxalate-rich foods
choose a diet low in salt and animal protein
caution with calcium supplements
Occurrence of Nephrolithiasis
Number of Cases
The following are the number of Nephrolithiasis cases seen each year worldwide:
Very common > 10 Million cases
Common Age Group
Nephrolithiasis most commonly occurs in the following age group:
Aged between 35-50 years
Common Gender
Nephrolithiasis can occur in any gender.
Lab Tests and Procedures for Diagnosis of Nephrolithiasis
The following lab tests and procedures are used to detect Nephrolithiasis:
Blood testing: To test the calcium or uric acid in the blood
Urine testing: To measure the content of stone-forming minerals in it
X-ray Imaging: To see kidney stones in the urinary tract
Doctor for Diagnosis of Nephrolithiasis
Patients should visit the following specialists if they have symptoms of Nephrolithiasis:
Nephrologist
Radiologist
Urologist
Complications of Nephrolithiasis if untreated
Yes, Nephrolithiasis causes complications if it is not treated. Below is the list of complications and problems that may arise if Nephrolithiasis is left untreated:
obstruction of the ureter
Procedures for Treatment of Nephrolithiasis
The following procedures are used to treat Nephrolithiasis:
Sound waves treatment: Break the kidney stones into tiny pieces that can be passed in the urine
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy: Surgically removal of kidney stone
Ureteroscopy treatment: Removal of smaller stones
Self-care for Nephrolithiasis
The following self-care actions or lifestyle changes may help in the treatment or management of Nephrolithiasis:
Increase intake of water: Keeping the urine diluted that lessens the formation of kidney stones
Consume healthy diet: Reduce the amount of oxalates in the diet
Time for Treatment of Nephrolithiasis
While time-period of treatment for each patient may vary, below is the typical time-period for Nephrolithiasis to resolve if treated properly under an expert supervision:
