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A genus of non-enveloped, capsid covered viruses with T=3 icosahedral symmetry, in the family Caliciviridae. The genome is composed of a linear, single-strand of positive sense RNA. Noroviruses are transmitted by the fecal-oral route and cause gastroenteritis in humans.

Symptoms of Norovirus infection

The following features are indicative of Norovirus infection:
  • diarrhea
  • abdominal pain
  • vomiting
  • headache
  • fever
  • chills
  • nausea
  • occasional muscle aches
  • headache
  • low-grade fever
It is possible that Norovirus infection shows no physical symptoms and still is present in a patient.

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Common Causes of Norovirus infection

The following are the most common causes of Norovirus infection:
  • contaminated food
  • contaminated water

Risk Factors for Norovirus infection

The following factors may increase the likelihood of Norovirus infection:
  • young children
  • older adults
  • weakened immune system
  • contaminated food
  • contaminated water

Prevention of Norovirus infection

Yes, it may be possible to prevent Norovirus infection. Prevention may be possible by doing the following:
  • wash hands after using the toilet or changing a diaper
  • avoid sharing eating utensils, glasses and plates
  • use separate towels in the bathroom
  • avoid close contact with anyone who has the virus
  • avoid contaminated food and water

Occurrence of Norovirus infection

Number of Cases

The following are the number of Norovirus infection cases seen each year worldwide:
  • Very common > 10 Million cases

Common Age Group

Norovirus infection can occur at any age.

Common Gender

Norovirus infection can occur in any gender.

Lab Tests and Procedures for Diagnosis of Norovirus infection

The following lab tests and procedures are used to detect Norovirus infection:
  • Stool test: To detect the presence of virus in the stool

Doctor for Diagnosis of Norovirus infection

Patients should visit the following specialists if they have symptoms of Norovirus infection:
  • Infectious disease specialist

Complications of Norovirus infection if untreated

Yes, Norovirus infection causes complications if it is not treated. Below is the list of complications and problems that may arise if Norovirus infection is left untreated:
  • dehydration
  • can be fatal

Self-care for Norovirus infection

The following self-care actions or lifestyle changes may help in the treatment or management of Norovirus infection:
  • Keep Hydrated: Drink plenty of liquids to maintain the body hydrated
  • Avoid alcohol and caffeinated drinks: Helps in reducing the chances of dehydration
  • Maintain hygiene: To avoid the chances of infection

Time for Treatment of Norovirus infection

While time-period of treatment for each patient may vary, below is the typical time-period for Norovirus infection to resolve if treated properly under an expert supervision:
  • Within 1 week

Is Norovirus infection Infectious?

Yes, Norovirus infection is known to be infectious. It can spread across people via the following means:
  • direct contact with the infected person
  • spread through contaminated food or water

Last updated date

This page was last updated on 2/04/2019.
This page provides information for Norovirus infection.

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