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A usually aggressive malignant neoplasm of the soft tissue or bone. It arises from muscle, fat, fibrous tissue, bone, cartilage, and blood vessels. Sarcomas occur in both children and adults. The prognosis depends largely on the degree of differentiation (grade) of the neoplasm. Representative subtypes are liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and chondrosarcoma.

Symptoms of Sarcoma

The following features are indicative of Sarcoma:
  • lump formation
  • swelling
  • pain
  • soreness
It is possible that Sarcoma shows no physical symptoms and still is present in a patient.

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Common Causes of Sarcoma

The following are the most common causes of Sarcoma:
  • DNA mutations

Risk Factors for Sarcoma

The following factors may increase the likelihood of Sarcoma:
  • hereditary retinoblastoma
  • Li-Fraumeni syndrome
  • familial adenomatous polyposis
  • neurofibromatosis
  • tuberous sclerosis
  • Werner syndrome
  • exposure to herbicides, arsenic and dioxin
  • radiation exposure

Prevention of Sarcoma

Yes, it may be possible to prevent Sarcoma. Prevention may be possible by doing the following:
  • avoiding exposure to radiations
  • avoiding exposure to chemicals such as herbicides, arsenic and dioxin

Occurrence of Sarcoma

Number of Cases

The following are the number of Sarcoma cases seen each year worldwide:
  • Not common between 50K - 500K cases

Common Age Group

Sarcoma can occur at any age.

Common Gender

Sarcoma can occur in any gender.

Lab Tests and Procedures for Diagnosis of Sarcoma

The following lab tests and procedures are used to detect Sarcoma:
  • Computed tomography: To create pictures of cross-sections of the effective area
  • Magnetic resonance imaging: To evaluate the area of concern
  • Sample tissue biopsy: To diagnose the sarcoma
  • Positron emission tomography: To show how organs and tissues are working
  • X-rays: To get the images of affected area

Complications of Sarcoma if untreated

Yes, Sarcoma causes complications if it is not treated. Below is the list of complications and problems that may arise if Sarcoma is left untreated:
  • leg swelling
  • shortness of breath
  • heavy cough

Procedures for Treatment of Sarcoma

The following procedures are used to treat Sarcoma:
  • Surgery: To remove the cancer and some healthy tissue surrounding it
  • Radiation therapy: To kill cancer cells
  • Chemotherapy: To inhibit the growth of cancer cells

Self-care for Sarcoma

The following self-care actions or lifestyle changes may help in the treatment or management of Sarcoma:
  • Regular exercise: Do regular exercise to maintain physical and mental health
  • Maintain healthy diet: Develop healthy eating habits

Patient Support for Treatment of Sarcoma

The following actions may help Sarcoma patients:
  • Family and friends support: Helps to build up emotional strength and comfort, provides practical support
  • Education: Helps in becoming more confident in making treatment decisions
  • Support group: Sharing about hopes and fears helps to cope with condition

Last updated date

This page was last updated on 2/04/2019.
This page provides information for Sarcoma.
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